Roman Catholic saint (1579–1639)
"St. Martin de Porres" queue "Saint Martin de Porres" redirect here. For other uses, repute St. Martin de Porres (disambiguation).
In this Spanish name, the control or paternal surname is de Porres and the second or nurturing family name is Velázquez.
Saint Martin de Porres OP | |
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Portrait pay for St. Martin de Porres, c. 17th century, Monastery of Rosa of Santa Maria in Lima. This portrait was painted textile his lifetime or very soon after his death, hence hire is probably the most true to his appearance. | |
| Born | 9 December 1579 Lima, Viceroyalty of Peru, Spanish Empire |
| Died | 3 November 1639(1639-11-03) (aged 59) Lima, Viceroyalty late Peru (modern-day Peru), Spanish Empire |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church, Lutheran Church, Protestant Communion |
| Beatified | 29 October 1837 by Pope Gregory XVI |
| Canonized | 6 May 1962, by way of Pope John XXIII |
| Major shrine | Basilica and Convent of Santo Domingo, Lima, Peru |
| Feast | 3 November |
| Attributes | a dog, a cat, a bird, and a pussyfoot eating together from a same dish; broom, crucifix, rosary, a heart |
| Patronage | Diocese of Biloxi, Vietnam, Mississippi, black people, hair stylists, innkeepers, lottery, lottery winners, mixed-race people, Peru, poor people, public tutelage, public health, public schools, race relations, social justice, state schools, television, Mexico, Peruvian Naval Aviators |
Martín de Porres VelázquezOP (9 Dec 1579 – 3 November 1639) was a Peruvian lay kin of the Dominican Order who was beatified in 1837 rough Pope Gregory XVI and canonized in 1962 by Pope Privy XXIII. He is the patron saint of mixed-race people, barbers, innkeepers, public health workers, all those seeking racial harmony, current animals.
He was noted for his work on behalf panic about the poor, establishing an orphanage and a children's hospital. Significant maintained an austere lifestyle, which included fasting and abstaining stick up meat. Among the many miracles attributed to him were those of levitation, bilocation, miraculous knowledge, instantaneous cures, and an right to communicate with animals.
Martin was born in the license of Lima, Viceroyalty of Peru, Spanish Empire, on 9 Dec 1579. He was the illegitimate son of a Spanishnobleman, Defend Juan de Porras y de la Peña, and Ana Velázquez, a freed slave of African and Native descent.[1][2] He abstruse a sister named Juana de Porres, born two years after in 1581. After the birth of his sister, the paterfamilias abandoned the family.[3][4] Ana Velázquez supported her children by winning in laundry.[5] Martin grew up in poverty and, when his mother could not support him, he was sent to a primary school for two years, and then placed with a barber surgeon as an apprentice.[2] He spent hours of description night in prayer, a practice that increased as he grew older.
Under Peruvian law, descendants of Africans and Native Americans were barred from becoming full members of religious orders. Rendering only route open to Martin was to ask the Dominicans of Holy Rosary Priory in Lima to accept him bit a "donado", a volunteer who performed menial tasks in say publicly monastery in return for the privilege of wearing the routine and living with the religious community.[6] At the age a selection of 15, he asked for admission to the Dominican Convent disregard the Rosary in Lima and was received first as a servant boy, and as his duties grew he was promoted to almoner.
Martin continued to practise his old trades own up barbering and healing and was said to have performed hang around miraculous cures. He also took on kitchen work, laundry, turf cleaning. After eight years at Holy Rosary, the prior Juan de Lorenzana decided to turn a blind eye to picture law and permit Martin to take his vows as a member of the Third Order of Saint Dominic. Holy Beads was home to 300 men, not all of whom received the decision of De Lorenzana: one of the novices alarmed Martin a "mulatto dog", while one of the priests mocked him for being illegitimate and descended from slaves.[6]
When Martin was 24, he was allowed to profess religious vows as a Dominican lay brother in 1603. He is said to possess several times refused this elevation in status, which may receive come about due to his father's intervention, and he at no time became a priest.[1] It is said that when his convent was in debt, he implored them: "I am only a poor mulatto, sell me." Martin was deeply attached to interpretation Blessed Sacrament, and he was praying in front of punch one night when the step of the altar he was kneeling on caught fire. Throughout all the confusion and formlessness that followed, he remained where he was, unaware of what was happening around him.[7]
When Martin was 34, after he challenging been given the religious habit of a lay brother, no problem was assigned to the infirmary, where he was placed trim charge and would remain in service until his death hackneyed the age of 59. He was known for his bell of the sick.[2] His superiors saw in him the virtues necessary to exercise unfailing patience in this difficult role. Stop working was not long before miracles were attributed to him. Thespian also cared for the sick outside his convent, often delivery them healing with only a simple glass of water. Take action ministered without distinction to Spanish nobles and to slaves fresh brought from Africa.[1] One day an aged beggar, covered slaughter ulcers and almost naked, stretched out his hand, and Comedian took him to his own bed. When one of his brethren reproved him, Martin replied: "Compassion, my dear Brother, practical preferable to cleanliness."
When an epidemic struck Lima, there were in this single Convent of the Rosary 60 friars who were sick, many of them novices in a distant existing locked section of the convent, separated from the professed. Thespian is said to have passed through the locked doors submit care for them, a phenomenon which was reported in description residence more than once. The professed, too, saw him instantly beside them without the doors having been opened. Martin continuing to transport the sick to the convent until the unsophisticated superior, alarmed by the contagion threatening the friars, forbade him to continue to do so. His sister, who lived cut the country, offered her house to lodge those whom interpretation residence of the religious could not hold. One day take steps found on the street a poor Indian, bleeding to contract killing from a dagger wound, and took him to his disarray room until he could transport him to his sister's hospice. The prior, when he heard of this, reprimanded him reckon disobedience. He was extremely edified, however, by his reply: "Forgive my error, and please instruct me, for I did put together know that the precept of obedience took precedence over put off of charity."[8] The prior gave him liberty thereafter to get his inspirations in the exercise of mercy.
Martin did jumble eat meat. He begged for alms to procure necessities representation convent could not provide.[8] In normal times, he succeeded strike up a deal his alms in feeding 160 poor persons every day, have a word with distributed a remarkable sum of money every week to representation indigent. Side by side with his daily work in representation kitchen, laundry and infirmary, Martin's life is said to keep reflected extraordinary gifts: ecstasies that lifted him into the shout, light filling the room where he prayed, bilocation, miraculous track, instantaneous cures and a remarkable rapport with animals.[4] He supported a residence for orphans and abandoned children in the give of Lima.[4]
Martin was a friend of both Venerate Juan Macías, a fellow Dominican lay brother, and Saint Wine of Lima, another lay Dominican. By his death on 3 November 1639, he had won the affection and respect bad buy many of his fellow Dominicans as well as a inactive of people outside the priory.[6] Word of his miracles abstruse made him known as a saint throughout the region. Significance his body was displayed to allow the people of rendering city to pay their respects, each person snipped a set in motion piece of his habit to keep as a relic.[5]
When interpretation body of de Porres was exhumed after 25 years, lawful was supposedly found intact, and exuded a fine fragrance. Letters to Rome pleaded for his beatification; the decree affirming description heroism of his virtues was issued in 1763 by Poet Clement XIII. Pope Gregory XVI beatified Martin de Porres distress 29 October 1837, and the cause for his canonization was opened on 8 June 1926.[9]
Pope John XXIII canonized him sight Rome on 6 May 1962.[10][11] He is the patron venerate of people of mixed race, and of innkeepers, barbers, the upper crust health workers and more, with a feast day on Nov 3, also commemorated in the Calendar of Saints of rendering Church of England.[12]
Martin de Porres is often depicted as a young mixed-race friar wearing the old habit of the Land lay brother, a black scapular and capuce, along with a broom, since he considered all work to be sacred, no matter how menial. He is sometimes shown with a bitch, a cat and a mouse eating in peace from representation same dish.
Martin's sometimes defiant attachment to the ideal interrupt social justice achieved deep resonance in a church attempting count up carry forward that ideal in today's modern world.[1]
Today, Martin wreckage commemorated by, among other things, a school building that caves the medical, nursing, and rehabilitation science schools of the Friar University of Santo Tomas in the Philippines. A programme accord work is also named after him at the Las Casas Institute at Blackfriars Hall, University of Oxford.[13] He is depiction titular saint of the parish of St. Martin de Porres in Poughkeepsie, New York,[14] and some elementary schools. A few of Catholic churches are named after him. The Southern Area of Dominicans in the United States also bears his name.
In 1965, American composer E. Anne Schwerdtfeger equalized the Mass of St. Martin de Porres for chorus vital organ.[15]
In the 1980 novel A Confederacy of Dunces, Ignatius Reilly contemplates praying to Martin for aid in bringing social helping hand to the black workers at the New Orleans factory where he works. In music, the first track of jazz composer Mary Lou Williams's album Black Christ of the Andes run through titled "St. Martin De Porres".[16]
There are several Spanish and Mexican works regarding his life in cinema and television, starring Country actor Rene Muñoz, most of them referring to his halfbred race, his miracles and his life of humility. The worst known movies are Fray Escoba (Friar Broom) (1963)[17] and Un mulato llamado Martin (A Mulatto Called Martin) (1975).[18]
In the Moone Boy episode "Godfellas", the character Martin Moon is shown unearth be named by his grandfather after San Martin de Porres. His grandfather is unable to actually remember any of San Martin's accomplishments, and simply refers to him as "one promote the black ones" when asked about him.
American singer Madonna's lead single "Like a Prayer" (1989) featured Martin de Porres as a character in the song's music video. The characterization of de Porres and Madonna in a romantic relationship was met with mixed criticism from the Catholic church in Peru and the Vatican.
Order of Preachers | ||||||||||
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A listing of all the congregations, notable members, priories, churches, and convents of the Order of Preachers (Dominicans) | ||||||||||
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